GKE with Apache Airflow Orchestrator

If you prefer to use Apache Airflow as the orchestrator (e.g., for existing Airflow investments or complex DAG requirements), follow the configuration below.

Using Airflow requires additional infrastructure: persistent volumes with ReadWriteMany access, the openmetadata-dependencies Helm chart, and more complex configuration.

Persistent Volumes with ReadWriteMany Access Modes

OpenMetadata helm chart depends on Airflow and Airflow expects a persistent disk that support ReadWriteMany (the volume can be mounted as read-write by many nodes). The workaround is to create nfs-server disk on Google Kubernetes Engine and use that as the persistent claim and deploy OpenMetadata by implementing the following steps in order.

Provision GCP Persistent Disk for Google Kubernetes Engine

Run the below command to create a gcloud compute zonal disk. For more information on Google Cloud Disk Options, please visit here.

gcloud compute disks create --size=100GB --zone=<zone_id> nfs-disk

Deploy NFS Server in GKE

# nfs-server-deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nfs-server
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      role: nfs-server
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        role: nfs-server
    spec:
      initContainers:
      - name: init-airflow-directories
        image: busybox
        command: ['sh', '-c', 'mkdir -p /exports/airflow-dags /exports/airflow-logs']
        volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /exports
            name: nfs-pvc
      containers:
      - name: nfs-server
        image: itsthenetwork/nfs-server-alpine
        env:
        - name: SHARED_DIRECTORY
          value: /exports
        ports:
          - name: nfs
            containerPort: 2049
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /exports
            name: nfs-pvc
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-pvc
          gcePersistentDisk:
            pdName: nfs-disk
            fsType: ext4
---
# nfs-cluster-ip-service.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nfs-server
spec:
  ports:
    - name: nfs
      port: 2049
  selector:
    role: nfs-server

Run the commands below and ensure the pods are running.

kubectl create -f nfs-server-deployment.yml
kubectl create -f nfs-cluster-ip-service.yml

We create a ClusterIP Service for pods to access NFS within the cluster at a fixed IP/DNS.

Provision NFS backed PV and PVC for Airflow DAGs and Airflow Logs

Update <NFS_SERVER_CLUSTER_IP> with the NFS Service Cluster IP Address for below code snippets. You can get the clusterIP using the following command

kubectl get service nfs-server -o jsonpath='{.spec.clusterIP}'

Code Samples for PV and PVC for Airflow DAGs

# dags_pv_pvc.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: openmetadata-dependencies-dags-pv
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  nfs:
    server: <NFS_SERVER_CLUSTER_IP>
    path: "/airflow-dags"

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  labels:
    app: airflow
    release: openmetadata-dependencies
  name: openmetadata-dependencies-dags
  namespace: default
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi
  storageClassName: ""

Create Persistent Volumes and Persistent Volume claims with the below command.

kubectl create -f dags_pv_pvc.yml

Code Samples for PV and PVC for Airflow Logs

# logs_pv_pvc.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: openmetadata-dependencies-logs-pv
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  nfs:
    server: <NFS_SERVER_CLUSTER_IP>
    path: "/airflow-logs"

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  labels:
    app: airflow
  name: openmetadata-dependencies-logs
  namespace: default
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi
  storageClassName: ""

Create Persistent Volumes and Persistent Volume claims with the below command.

kubectl create -f logs_pv_pvc.yml

Change owner and permission manually on disks

Since airflow pods run as non root users, they would not have write access on the nfs server volumes. In order to fix the permission here, spin up a pod with persistent volumes attached and run it once.

# permissions_pod.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
    run: my-permission-pod
  name: my-permission-pod
spec:
  containers:
  - image: nginx
    name: my-permission-pod
    volumeMounts:
    - name: airflow-dags
      mountPath: /airflow-dags
    - name: airflow-logs
      mountPath: /airflow-logs
  volumes:
  - name: airflow-logs
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: openmetadata-dependencies-logs
  - name: airflow-dags
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: openmetadata-dependencies-dags
  dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
  restartPolicy: Always

Airflow runs the pods with linux user name as airflow and linux user id as 50000.

Run the below command to create the pod and fix the permissions

kubectl create -f permissions_pod.yml

Once the permissions pod is up and running, execute the below commands within the container.

kubectl exec --tty my-permission-pod --container my-permission-pod -- chown -R 50000 /airflow-dags /airflow-logs
# If needed
kubectl exec --tty my-permission-pod --container my-permission-pod -- chmod -R a+rwx /airflow-dags

Create OpenMetadata dependencies Values

Override openmetadata dependencies airflow helm values to bind the nfs persistent volumes for DAGs and logs.

# values-dependencies.yml
airflow:
  airflow:
    extraVolumeMounts:
      - mountPath: /airflow-logs
        name: nfs-airflow-logs
      - mountPath: /airflow-dags/dags
        name: nfs-airflow-dags
    extraVolumes:
      - name: nfs-airflow-logs
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: openmetadata-dependencies-logs
      - name: nfs-airflow-dags
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: openmetadata-dependencies-dags
    config:
      AIRFLOW__OPENMETADATA_AIRFLOW_APIS__DAG_GENERATED_CONFIGS: "/airflow-dags/dags"
  dags:
    path: /airflow-dags/dags
    persistence:
      enabled: false
  logs:
    path: /airflow-logs
    persistence:
      enabled: false

For more information on airflow helm chart values, please refer to airflow-helm.When deploying openmeteadata dependencies helm chart, use the below command -

helm install openmetadata-dependencies open-metadata/openmetadata-dependencies --values values-dependencies.yaml

The above command uses configurations defined here. You can modify any configuration and deploy by passing your own values.yaml

helm install openmetadata-dependencies open-metadata/openmetadata-dependencies --values <path-to-values-file>

Once the openmetadata dependencies helm chart deployed, you can then run the below command to install the openmetadata helm chart -

helm install openmetadata open-metadata/openmetadata --values <path-to-values-file>

Create CloudSQL and Elasticsearch credentials as Kubernetes Secrets, as described here. Also, disable MySQL and Elasticsearch from OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Charts as described in the FAQ.

Troubleshooting

Pods are stuck in Pending State due to Persistent Volume Creation Failure

If you came across invalid access type while creating the pvc, and the permission pod is stuck in “pending” state. The above error might have occurred due to the pvc volumes not setup or pvc volumes are not mounted properly.

Please validate:

all the prerequisites mentioned in this section
the configuration of dags_pv_pvc.yml file
storageClassName field in YAML file

FAQs

Java Memory Heap Issue

If your openmetadata pods are not in ready state at any point in time and the openmetadata pod logs speaks about the below issue -

Exception: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler in thread "AsyncAppender-Worker-async-file-appender"
Exception in thread "pool-5-thread-1" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
Exception in thread "AsyncAppender-Worker-async-file-appender" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
Exception in thread "dw-46" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
Exception in thread "AsyncAppender-Worker-async-console-appender" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

This is due to the default JVM Heap Space configuration (1 GiB) being not enough for your workloads. In order to resolve this issue, head over to your custom openmetadata helm values and append the below environment variable

extraEnvs:
- name: OPENMETADATA_HEAP_OPTS
  value: "-Xmx2G -Xms2G"

The flag Xmx specifies the maximum memory allocation pool for a Java virtual machine (JVM), while Xms specifies the initial memory allocation pool. Upgrade the helm charts with the above changes using the following command helm upgrade --install openmetadata open-metadata/openmetadata --values <values.yml> --namespace <namespaceName>. Update this command your values.yml filename and namespaceName where you have deployed OpenMetadata in Kubernetes.

PostgreSQL Issue permission denied to create extension “pgcrypto”

If you are facing the below issue with PostgreSQL as Database Backend for OpenMetadata Application,

Message: ERROR: permission denied to create extension "pgcrypto"
Hint: Must be superuser to create this extension.

It seems the Database User does not have sufficient privileges. In order to resolve the above issue, grant usage permissions to the PSQL User.

GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA schema_name TO <openmetadata_psql_user>;
GRANT CREATE ON EXTENSION pgcrypto TO <openmetadata_psql_user>;

In the above command, replace <openmetadata_psql_user> with the sql user used by OpenMetadata Application to connect to PostgreSQL Database.

How to extend and use custom docker images with OpenMetadata Helm Charts ?

Extending OpenMetadata Server Docker Image

1. Create a `Dockerfile` based on `docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/server`

OpenMetadata helm charts uses official published docker images from DockerHub. A typical scenario will be to install organization certificates for connecting with inhouse systems. For Example -

FROM docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/server:x.y.z
WORKDIR /home/
COPY <my-organization-certs> .
RUN update-ca-certificates

where docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/server:x.y.z needs to point to the same version of the OpenMetadata server, for example docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/server:1.3.1. This image needs to be built and published to the container registry of your choice.

2. Update your openmetadata helm values yaml

The OpenMetadata Application gets installed as part of openmetadata helm chart. In this step, update the custom helm values using YAML file to point the image created in the previous step. For example, create a helm values file named values.yaml with the following contents -

...
image:
  repository: <your repository>
  # Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart appVersion.
  tag: <your tag>
...

3. Install / Upgrade your helm release

Upgrade/Install your openmetadata helm charts with the below single command:

helm upgrade --install openmetadata open-metadata/openmetadata--values values.yaml

Extending OpenMetadata Ingestion Docker Image

One possible use case for a custom ingestion image is a custom connector. Build and test the package with the same openmetadata-ingestion version as your deployment. After your code is ready, follow these steps:

1. Create a `Dockerfile` based on `docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/ingestion`:

For example -

FROM docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/ingestion:x.y.z

USER airflow
# Let's use the home directory of airflow user
WORKDIR /home/airflow

# Install our custom connector
COPY <your_package> <your_package>
COPY setup.py .
RUN pip install --no-deps .

where docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/ingestion:x.y.z needs to point to the same version of the OpenMetadata server, for example docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/ingestion:1.3.1. This image needs to be built and published to the container registry of your choice.

2. Update the airflow in openmetadata dependencies values YAML

The ingestion containers (which is the one shipping Airflow) gets installed in the openmetadata-dependencies helm chart. In this step, we use our own custom values YAML file to point to the image we just created on the previous step. You can create a file named values.deps.yaml with the following contents:

airflow:
  airflow:
    image:
      repository: <your repository>  # by default, openmetadata/ingestion
      tag: <your tag>  # by default, the version you are deploying, e.g., 1.1.0
      pullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"

3. Install / Upgrade helm release

Upgrade/Install your openmetadata-dependencies helm charts with the below single command:

helm upgrade --install openmetadata-dependencies open-metadata/openmetadata-dependencies --values values.deps.yaml

How to disable MySQL and ElasticSearch from OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Charts ?

If you are using MySQL and ElasticSearch externally, you would want to disable the local installation of mysql and elasticsearch while installing OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Chart. You can disable the MySQL and ElasticSearch Helm Dependencies by setting enabled: false value for each dependency. Below is the command to set helm values from Helm CLI -

helm upgrade --install openmetadata-dependencies open-metadata/openmetadata-dependencies --set mysql.enabled=false --set elasticsearch.enabled=false

Alternatively, you can create a custom YAML file named values.deps.yaml to disable installation of MySQL and Elasticsearch .

mysql:
    enabled: false
    ...
elasticsearch:
    enabled: false
    ...
...

How to configure external database like PostgreSQL with OpenMetadata Helm Charts ?

OpenMetadata Supports PostgreSQL as one of the Database Dependencies. OpenMetadata Helm Charts by default does not include PostgreSQL as Database Dependencies. In order to configure Helm Charts with External Database like PostgreSQL, follow the below guide to make the helm values change and upgrade / install OpenMetadata helm charts with the same.

Upgrade Airflow Helm Dependencies Helm Charts to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL

We ship airflow-helm as one of OpenMetadata Dependencies with default values to connect to MySQL Database as part of externalDatabase configurations. You can find more information on setting the externalDatabase as part of helm values here. With OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Charts, your helm values would look something like below -

...
airflow:
  externalDatabase:
    type: postgresql
    host: <postgresql_endpoint>
    port: 5432
    database: <airflow_database_name>
    user: <airflow_database_login_user>
    passwordSecret: airflow-postgresql-secrets
    passwordSecretKey: airflow-postgresql-password
...

For the above code, it is assumed you are creating a kubernetes secret for storing Airflow Database login Credentials. A sample command to create the secret will be kubectl create secret generic airflow-postgresql-secrets --from-literal=airflow-postgresql-password=<password>.

Upgrade OpenMetadata Helm Charts to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL

Update the openmetadata.config.database.* helm values for OpenMetadata Application to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL. With OpenMetadata Helm Charts, your helm values would look something like below -

openmetadata:
  config:
    ...
    database:
      host: <postgresql_endpoint>
      port: 5432
      driverClass: org.postgresql.Driver
      dbScheme: postgresql
      dbUseSSL: true
      databaseName: <openmetadata_database_name>
      auth:
        username: <database_login_user>
        password:
          secretRef: openmetadata-postgresql-secrets
          secretKey: openmetadata-postgresql-password

For the above code, it is assumed you are creating a kubernetes secret for storing OpenMetadata Database login Credentials. A sample command to create the secret will be kubectl create secret generic openmetadata-postgresql-secrets --from-literal=openmetadata-postgresql-password=<password>. Once you make the above changes to your helm values, run the below command to install/upgrade helm charts -

helm upgrade --install openmetadata-dependencies open-metadata/openmetadata-dependencies --values <<path-to-values-file>> --namespace <kubernetes_namespace>
helm upgrade --install openmetadata open-metadata/openmetadata --values <<path-to-values-file>> --namespace <kubernetes_namespace>

How to customize OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Chart with custom helm values

Our OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Charts are internally depends on three sub-charts -

Bitnami MySQL (helm chart version 9.7.2)
OpenSearch (helm chart version 2.12.2)
Airflow (helm chart version 8.8.0)

If you are looking to customize the deployments of any of the above dependencies, please refer to the above links for customizations of helm values for further references. By default, OpenMetadata Dependencies helm chart provides initial generic customization of these helm values in order to get you started quickly. You can refer to the openmetadata-dependencies helm charts default values here.

​GKE with Apache Airflow Orchestrator

​Persistent Volumes with ReadWriteMany Access Modes

​Create NFS Share

​Provision GCP Persistent Disk for Google Kubernetes Engine

​Deploy NFS Server in GKE

​Provision NFS backed PV and PVC for Airflow DAGs and Airflow Logs

​Code Samples for PV and PVC for Airflow DAGs

​Code Samples for PV and PVC for Airflow Logs

​Change owner and permission manually on disks

​Create OpenMetadata dependencies Values

​Troubleshooting

​Pods are stuck in Pending State due to Persistent Volume Creation Failure

​FAQs

​Java Memory Heap Issue

​PostgreSQL Issue permission denied to create extension “pgcrypto”

​How to extend and use custom docker images with OpenMetadata Helm Charts ?

​Extending OpenMetadata Server Docker Image

​1. Create a Dockerfile based on docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/server

​2. Update your openmetadata helm values yaml

​3. Install / Upgrade your helm release

​Extending OpenMetadata Ingestion Docker Image

​1. Create a Dockerfile based on docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/ingestion:

​2. Update the airflow in openmetadata dependencies values YAML

​3. Install / Upgrade helm release

​How to disable MySQL and ElasticSearch from OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Charts ?

​How to configure external database like PostgreSQL with OpenMetadata Helm Charts ?

​Upgrade Airflow Helm Dependencies Helm Charts to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL

​Upgrade OpenMetadata Helm Charts to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL

​How to customize OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Chart with custom helm values

GKE with Apache Airflow Orchestrator

Persistent Volumes with ReadWriteMany Access Modes

Create NFS Share

Provision GCP Persistent Disk for Google Kubernetes Engine

Deploy NFS Server in GKE

Provision NFS backed PV and PVC for Airflow DAGs and Airflow Logs

Code Samples for PV and PVC for Airflow DAGs

Code Samples for PV and PVC for Airflow Logs

Change owner and permission manually on disks

Create OpenMetadata dependencies Values

Troubleshooting

Pods are stuck in Pending State due to Persistent Volume Creation Failure

FAQs

Java Memory Heap Issue

PostgreSQL Issue permission denied to create extension “pgcrypto”

How to extend and use custom docker images with OpenMetadata Helm Charts ?

Extending OpenMetadata Server Docker Image

1. Create a `Dockerfile` based on `docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/server`

2. Update your openmetadata helm values yaml

3. Install / Upgrade your helm release

Extending OpenMetadata Ingestion Docker Image

1. Create a `Dockerfile` based on `docker.open-metadata.org/openmetadata/ingestion`:

2. Update the airflow in openmetadata dependencies values YAML

3. Install / Upgrade helm release

How to disable MySQL and ElasticSearch from OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Charts ?

How to configure external database like PostgreSQL with OpenMetadata Helm Charts ?

Upgrade Airflow Helm Dependencies Helm Charts to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL

Upgrade OpenMetadata Helm Charts to connect to External Database like PostgreSQL

How to customize OpenMetadata Dependencies Helm Chart with custom helm values